Hydro Excavator / Vacuum Truck

Hydro excavation — vacuum excavation — uses pressurized water and a vacuum to expose buried utilities without touching them with steel. It is the method most one-call rules and most operator specs require inside the tolerance zone around an existing facility, so a vac truck is not optional equipment on most builds. Units are separated by debris tank and water capacity, which set how long a crew can work before dumping and refilling.